Globally, on average 34% of pumped water ends up as nrw, according to the international energy agency. Iwa publishing is a leading international publisher on all aspects of water, wastewater and environment, spanning 15 industryleading journals and a range of books, digitally available on iwaponline. High levels of nrw are detrimental to the financial viability of water utilities, as well to the quality of water itself. Aug 31, 2016 if the water losses in developing countries could be halved, the saved water would be enough to supply around 90 million people. Nonrevenue water by volume % percentage of the system input volume that corresponds to nonrevenue water. A listening and learning session on the use of percentage.
Another topdown method is the water and wastewater balance method alwashali et al. The world bank, interamerican development bank, iwa and ppiaf have a current program to create good practices for non revenue water performance based contracts, creating a series of tools that are being used on a number of projects. May 15, 2014 americas aging water infrastructure is in need of repair as precious water resources are lost. A software tool for nonrevenue water calculations in urban. The first step in addressing non revenue water is ensuring accurate meter readings. Drawing exceptional professionals from over 140 countries, the membership of the international water association iwa brings together scientists, researchers, technology companies, and. Iwa standard water balance system input volume authorised consumption revenue water non revenue water billed authorised consumption unbilled authorised consumption apparent losses real losses water losses. Nonrevenue water nrw is considered an important and omnipresent topic for urban water security with emerging challenges due to water scarcity and climate change brears 2017. Developing appropriate performance indicators for urban.
The international water association iwa recommends the use of nrw iwa, 2000. This manual was adoptedfrom the georgia water system audits and loss control. We refer to it as nonrevenue water nrw, or water that is pumped and then lost or unaccounted for. Greatest challenges of the utility in addressing non revenue water the iwa water balance program has been implemented in all the national cities 1060 in total yielding to acceptable outcomes on identifying the conditions of the networks from the aspects of real losses, apparent losses and non revenue water. Systems thinking approach for analysing nonrevenue water. Looking outwards for guidance, the international water associations iwa first water loss task force published the iwa best practice water balance and performance indicators in 1999, providing a long overdue standard to calculate non revenue water and its components. Water balance software as required to undertake a basic water audit using the standard iwa methodology is freely available from many sources. City of ashevilles nonrevenue water program improves water resource decision making. Share picturesblogsarticles with gary or roland for world water loss day web page. Water loss control american water works association. Best practice in water loss control american water works.
Authorized consumption is water that is used by known customers of the water system. International water association iwa developed a wb assessment methodology based on a very detailed handbook. The issues and challenges of reducing nonrevenue water. Nrw is divided into two parts, apparent and real losses. Ppt non revenue water powerpoint presentation free to. Nonrevenue water nrw in a water distribution network, which has been recently introduced by the iwa instead of unaccounted for water ufw farley and trow, 2003, is defined as the difference between total inflow to the system and total metered and authorized unmetered consumptions. International water association international water. The wbeasycalc, used in the nrw training workshops in eastern and southern africa, is one example of a tool to support water balance calculations in addressing nrw.
It is the method of estimating leakage recommended by the international water association iwa and is used. High levels of nrw reflect huge volumes of water being lost through leaks realphysical losses, water not being invoiced or not being accurately measured apparent commercial losses or both. Stated nrw nonrevenue water rates in urban networks. Consumption revenue water non revenue water billed authorised. There is no national requirement in new zealand to report and publish performance in managing nonrevenue water and its components. Nonrevenue water reduction an international update. We provide the resources you need to continue to learn and the tools you need to do your job well. In the context of nrw reduction programmes, commercial. A free powerpoint ppt presentation displayed as a flash slide show on id. Focus on accounting for all revenue water, to identify nonrevenue water nrw water loss in past referred to as unaccounted for water ufw. Afterward, the international water association iwa standard water balance in figure 1 can be established.
Iwa learn webinars international water association. The international water association is the network of water professionals striving for a world in which water is wisely, sustainably and equitably managed. Metered rate and flat rate were applied for billing. Non revenue water the graphic below is a visual representation of the water balance with bar heights propotional to the volume of the audit components water exported water supplied water audit report for.
The water utility of the capital of copenhagen hofor has currently a nonrevenue water of around 6. The terms unaccounted for water ufw and nonrevenue water nrw have been widely used in the past. Reducing nonrevenue water in urban water distribution. Nonrevenue water loss is a problem from coast to coast, but california has taken a lead and set an example with resources from awwa by adopting and sharing best practices to help solve the issue.
An important conclusion is that the design of non revenue water reduction programs should study the main drivers of non revenue water to provide utility managers with a better understanding of what can be achieved in terms of non revenue water reduction and whether the benefits of these reductions exceed their costs. Nonrevenue water reduction an international update roland liemberger. Annex 2 nonrevenue water management in central asian countries. Key words water supply, utilities, nonrevenue water, benchmarking, developing countries.
Nrw has a serious effect on the financial viability of water utilities through lost revenue, lost water resources, and increased operational costs. Iwa and awwa declare dec 4 th as world water loss day, with iwa congress sri lanka and north american water loss nashville. The objective to provide a long overdue standardised international approach to the calculation of nonrevenue water, its components, and performance has been substantially achieved in an everincreasing number of countries internationally. Non revenue water nrw is the difference between the amount of water that is produced by a water utility for consumptionuse, and the amount of water that is actually billed to customers. We provide the resources you need to continue to learn and. Water audit software and corresponding awwa guidance. The hawaii water system audits and water loss control manual was prepared by the hawaii rural water association. Water audits and water loss control for public water systems. The iwa leading edge conference 2016 will host a halfday interactive workshop where the top leading professionals of the sector will gather to advance the use of smart water in cities, and a technical session about smart management of assets and water. Iwa best practice water balance and terminology for nrw and its components is explained in box 9. A software is developed to determine the components of apparent and real losses. Assessment of performance indicators for non revenue water targetsetting and progress tracking.
How effective are nonrevenue water reduction programs. Quite simply, non revenue water nrw is the difference between the volume of water you produce and the volume of water you sell billed. Will is active in the leadership of the american water works association water loss control committee wlcc, developing bestpractice tools for the water industry, and was recently appointed to the chair of the subcommittee for the free water audit software. The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and. American water works association has the resources and tools you need to progress as a water professional. Water balance, using the iwa methothology for the year 2011 in cubic meters per day distribution system input volume authorised consumption billed authorised consumption revenue water unbilled authorised consumption nonrevenue water water losses apparent losses water balance average daily 2011 10 billed metered consumption 18,029,434 76. Many software tools exist for the evaluation of the drinking water distribution network wdn, estimating the water balance and the performance indicators.
Water loss assessing nonrevenue water and its components. Non revenue water nrw is water that has been produced and is lost before it reaches the customer. The need to manage nrw better and protect precious water resources has become increasingly important. Nonrevenue water is one of the lowest hanging fruits in order to improve the efficiency of water utilities around the world. A software tool for nonrevenue water calculations in. Moreover urban water supply systems suffer from high non revenue water nrw values mainly due to breaks and leaks. This paper introduces a procedure to calculate the nonrevenue water in urban water systems.
Nonrevenue water leak detection programs echologics. The world bank, interamerican development bank, iwa and ppiaf have a current program to create good practices for nonrevenue water performance based contracts, creating a series of tools that are being used on a number of projects. Often, people fail to put the seriousness of the nonrevenue water problem for water utilities into perspective. If the water losses in developing countries could be halved, the saved water would be enough to supply around 90 million people. Often, people fail to put the seriousness of the non revenue water problem for water utilities into perspective. It assists inwent trainers in their preparations and provides participants with an overview to understand the concept of nrw and to. The result today is that most danish water supplies are below 10% nonrevenue water. The use of these terms, however, has been confusing. The first step in addressing nonrevenue water is ensuring accurate meter readings.
This report is part of the water loss control committees work to evaluate and update the non revenue water kpis in awwas m36 water audits and loss control programs and the associated free water audit software. Around the world we still see that nonrevenue water accounts for 25 to 50 per cent of the total water supply and in emerging markets we have experienced even up to 75 per cent nonrevenue water. Americas aging water infrastructure is in need of repair as precious water resources are lost. Non revenue water nrw sourcebook for trainers wave. Basins of the future cities of the future water and sanitation services water policy and regulation discover our specialist groups organise an event with iwa become an iwa member world water congress development congress list of all events latest videos work with us. The water supplies hereby got a strong incentive to reduce water losses and improve the quality of the distribution system.
Several software tools are available that can assess the performance of nonrevenue water nrw in water distribution networks and plan for reduction measures. The iwa water loss task force water 21 article no 2 assessing nonrevenue water and its components. Percentage of water that enters the system and is lost by leakage and overflows up to the point of customer metering. Water distribution networks suffer from high non revenue water nrw values having both environmental and economic consequences. Water audits and water loss control for public water. The impact of ict in the water sector international water. Non revenue water non revenue water non revenue water nrw is water that has been produced and is lost before it reaches the customer. Today, the industry best practice for water loss auditing created by the international water association iwa and. Water balance awwa iwa according to this list there are major cities with nonrevenue water rate higher than 30%. Method published in 2000 by iwa water loss task force with awwa participation. Around the world we still see that nonrevenue water accounts for 25 to 50 per cent of the total water supply and in emerging markets we have experienced even up. What is the reality of a water loss reduction project.
Nonrevenue water nrw is water produced without generating revenue to water utilities. Losses can be real losses through leaks, sometimes also referred to as physical losses or apparent losses for example through theft or metering inaccuracies. Nonrevenue water nrw services echologics have the expertise, tools and experience required to assist water utilities in the implementation of a water audit following current industry best practices developed by the awwa and iwa. Although there are many tools to evaluate the performance of water distribution networks by estimating the water balance and performance indicators, there is no tool so far to assist water utility operators to. The volume of nonrevenue water nrw in zarqa changes every year following the fluctuations of the production level of zarqa water utility al washali et al.
Iwa task force in this second article in a special series for water21 by the iwa water loss task force, allan lambert highlights practical developments over the last decade in managing water loss in public supply distribution systems. Managing non revenue water non revenue water nrw sourcebook for trainers wave programme on behalf of. This report is part of the water loss control committees work to evaluate and update the nonrevenue water kpis in awwas m36 water audits and loss control programs and the associated free water audit software. Will jernigan is an industry expert in water loss control and revenue recovery. A call to action for nonrevenue water water finance. Theres no simple solution to ensure that the maximum volume of water entering a potable water distribution system reaches customers. Non revenue water nrw in a water distribution network, which has been recently introduced by the iwa instead of unaccounted for water ufw farley and trow, 2003, is defined as the difference between total inflow to the system and total metered and authorized unmetered consumptions. A few months ago, the swan forum published a list of stated nrw nonrevenue water rates in urban networks pdf file. In water office, the focus on nonrevenue water isnt limited to a single module. Jan 15, 2012 a few months ago, the swan forum published a list of stated nrw nonrevenue water rates in urban networks pdf file. The project for improvement of nonrevenue water reduction. The standard terminology includes the terms authorized consumption, real loss, apparent loss and non. Leakssuite library endorses this important initiative promoting international non revenue water awareness. Utility managers can use this spreadsheetbased software, developed by.
The issues and challenges of reducing non revenue water. Developing appropriate performance indicators for urban water. Therefore, distributed water flow rate was assumed based on water transmission flow pump operation hours and pump specification in case of non installation of bulk flow meters. This project was funded by the state of hawaii commission on water resource management. Some individual utilities are now starting to use iwa terminology or similar, but usually with some exceptions and modifications that sometimes produces more confusion. Nestled near the great smoky mountains national park in western north carolina, the city of asheville has much to boast about including quality of life, a vibrant arts culture and more microbreweries per capita than any u. The iwa water loss task force water 21 article no 2. A practical approach this article, by allan lambert, is the second in a special series of articles for water21 by the iwa water loss task force, highlighting practical developments over the last decade in managing. Reducing nonrevenue water in urban water distribution networks using dss tools s. Nonrevenue water nrw is the difference between the amount of water that is produced by a water utility for consumptionuse, and the amount of water that is actually billed to customers. From an economic point of view, it is essential to preserve this resource by reducing water losses. Aging, leaking pipe contributes greatly to the issue of nonrevenue water nrw, or water that is pumped and then lost or unaccounted for. Water audits and water loss control for public water systems epa 816f02. Several members of the echologics team serve on industry committees of awwa a.
Assessment of performance indicators for nonrevenue water targetsetting and progress tracking. Effective january 1, 20, nonrevenue water reported under section 2. From unmetered water and inaccurate billing to delayed customer leak detection resulting in higher leak forgiveness costs to unauthorized use, apparent loss can cause revenue instability. Therefore, sw cp utilized gis software to create database of the existing pipelines. Nonrevenue water by cost % percentage of the system input volume that corresponds to the valuation of nonrevenue water. The international water association iwa and the american water works. Water management nonrevenue water reduction management. We refer to it as non revenue water nrw, or water that is pumped and then lost or unaccounted for.
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